Autor: Sodré GB Neto clinicaltrialinbrazil@gmail.com
Afiliação: IPPTM – Instituto de Pesquisa em Paleogenética, TP53 e MicroRNA / CEGH / ICB / UFG: Centro de Genética Humana
Resumo: Os exames de microRNA demonstram ser superiores a muitos exames pois enxerga aquilo que controla nossas células numa categoria superior a verificação de principios ativos, produto gênico, proteômica, competindo com biomarcadores que apenas apresentam o resultado de um problema, não o mecanismo celular do mesmo. Os microRNAs em suas super expressões e subexpressões , quando comparados a um ser humano saudavel , revela com precisão nossas doenças celulares; De igual forma trechos do TP53 vão ser relatados desde patógenos ou “normais”; mas quando entendemos que suas variações mutadas e deleterias explodiram recentemente, avistamos os trechos canônicos chamados de variação primeira (1); daí entendemos que todas as outras variações são mais ou menos deleterias. Esta visão paleogenética revoluciona agora o sistema de diagnóstico aumentando os padrões de análise e recomendando melhores práticas no tratamento.
1. Introdução e Visão Estratégica
2. Paleogenética e a Instabilidade do TP53
|
Conceito
|
Descrição
|
Impacto na ABET
|
|
Pico Mutacional
|
Acúmulo rápido de mutações no TP53 nos últimos 10 mil anos.
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Necessidade de triagem genética de variantes ancestrais vs. modernas.
|
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Paleogenética
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Estudo do DNA antigo para entender doenças atuais.
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Criação de um banco de dados de assinaturas genéticas evolutivas.
|
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Piezoeletricidade Nuclear
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Mecanismo proposto para a aceleração de mutações globais.
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Base teórica para entender a fragilidade do genoma humano atual.
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3. MicroRNAs: O Eixo de Diagnóstico e Tratamento
4. Terapias Integrativas e Modulação Epigenética
4.1. Fitoterapia e Bioativos
4.2. Probióticos e o Eixo Microbiota-miRNA
5. Programa de Equilíbrio de microRNAs
6. Estrutura e Governança
•Unidade de Bioinformática: Dedicada ao cruzamento de dados paleogenéticos e perfis de microRNA.
Custos Operacionais Mensais (OPEX): IPPTM- Instituto de Pesquisa em Paleogenética, TP53 e MicroRNA
1. Pessoal e Recursos Humanos
|
Cargo
|
Salário Base (R$)
|
Encargos + Benefícios (40%)
|
Custo Total Mensal (R$)
|
|
Biomédico (RT)
|
3.500,00
|
1.400,00
|
4.900,00
|
|
Técnico de Laboratório
|
2.200,00
|
880,00
|
3.080,00
|
|
Subtotal Pessoal
|
7.980,00
|
2. Custos Fixos e Infraestrutura
|
Item
|
Descrição
|
Total Mensal (R$)
|
|
Aluguel e Condomínio
|
Sala comercial (~35m²) em local básico
|
2.500,00
|
|
Energia Elétrica
|
Consumo estimado de 560 kWh (AC + Equipamentos)
|
476,00
|
|
Água e Internet
|
Consumo básico e link dedicado para laudos
|
350,00
|
|
Limpeza e Descarte
|
Materiais de limpeza e coleta de lixo infectante (RSS)
|
450,00
|
|
Subtotal Fixo
|
3.776,00
|
3. Reagentes e Insumos (Base: 100 exames/mês)
|
Item
|
Custo por Exame (R$)
|
Volume Mensal
|
Total Mensal (R$)
|
|
Kits de Extração e PCR
|
65,00
|
100
|
6.500,00
|
|
Enzimas e Probes CRISPR
|
10,00
|
100
|
1.000,00
|
|
Consumíveis (Ponteiras/Tubos)
|
5,00
|
100
|
500,00
|
|
Subtotal Variável
|
8.000,00
|
4. Manutenção e Reservas Técnicas
|
Item
|
Finalidade
|
Total Mensal (R$)
|
|
Manutenção Preventiva
|
Revisão de qPCR e centrífugas
|
800,00
|
|
Calibração Periódica
|
Reserva para calibração anual de pipetas/balanças
|
400,00
|
|
Subtotal Manutenção
|
1.200,00
|
Resumo Financeiro Mensal
3.Manutenção: Equipamentos usados (conforme plano inicial) podem exigir uma reserva de manutenção ligeiramente superior no primeiro ano.
Planejamento de Custos: Implantação IPPTM- Instituto de Pesquisa em Paleogenética, TP53 e MicroRNA
Foco: microRNA, PCR e CRISPR-Cas12
1. Infraestrutura Física e Construção
|
Item
|
Descrição
|
Quantidade
|
Custo Unitário (R$)
|
Total Estimado (R$)
|
|
Mão de Obra
|
Pedreiro e ajudante (estimado 20 dias úteis)
|
1
|
250,00/dia
|
10.000,00
|
|
Materiais de Obra
|
Divisórias Drywall, Pintura Epóxi, Hidráulica/Elétrica
|
35m²
|
600,00/m²
|
21.000,00
|
|
Acabamentos
|
Piso Vinílico/Epóxi e Forro Lavável
|
35m²
|
300,00/m²
|
10.500,00
|
|
Bancadas
|
Granito ou Inox (Áreas de trabalho)
|
1
|
10.500,00
|
10.500,00
|
|
Climatização
|
Ar Condicionado 12.000 BTUs (Split)
|
2
|
2.800,00
|
5.600,00
|
|
Subtotal Infra
|
57.600,00
|
2. Equipamentos de Biologia Molecular (Mínimo Necessário)
|
Equipamento
|
Especificação / Modelo Sugerido
|
Estado
|
Total Estimado (R$)
|
|
qPCR (Real-Time)
|
StepOne ou similar (Essencial para microRNA)
|
Usado
|
20.000,00
|
|
Termociclador PCR
|
miniPCR ou OpenPCR (DIY)
|
Novo
|
3.800,00
|
|
Centrífuga Digital
|
12-24 tubos (até 14.000 RPM)
|
Usado
|
2.500,00
|
|
Autoclave 30L
|
Prismatec Analógica (Vertical)
|
Novo
|
2.200,00
|
|
Banho Maria
|
Digital Sorológico
|
Novo
|
2.100,00
|
|
Micropipetas
|
Conjunto Monocanal (P2, P20, P200, P1000)
|
Novo
|
1.200,00
|
|
Transiluminador
|
Luz Azul/UV (Detecção de bandas)
|
DIY/Novo
|
1.500,00
|
|
Agitador Vortex
|
Básico para laboratório
|
Novo
|
800,00
|
|
Refrigeração
|
Geladeira 280L (Amostras/Reagentes)
|
Usado
|
600,00
|
|
Informática
|
PC para análise de dados e Bioinformática
|
Novo
|
3.500,00
|
|
Subtotal Equip.
|
38.200,00
|
3. Reagentes Iniciais e Startup (Lote de 50 Exames)
|
Item
|
Finalidade
|
Total Estimado (R$)
|
|
Enzimas Cas12a
|
Complexo CRISPR para detecção genética
|
1.500,00
|
|
Kit Extração microRNA
|
Isolamento de RNA de alta pureza
|
3.500,00
|
|
Master Mix qPCR
|
Reagentes para amplificação em tempo real
|
2.500,00
|
|
Kit Síntese cDNA
|
Transcrição reversa de microRNA
|
2.000,00
|
|
Consumíveis
|
Ponteiras com filtro, microtubos, luvas, EPIs
|
2.500,00
|
|
Subtotal Reag.
|
12.000,00
|
Resumo do Investimento Inicial
Planejamento de Custos:IPPTM- Instituto de Pesquisa em Paleogenética, TP53 e MicroRNA
Foco: microRNA, PCR e CRISPR-Cas12
1. Infraestrutura Física e Construção
|
Item
|
Descrição
|
Quantidade
|
Custo Unitário (R$)
|
Total Estimado (R$)
|
|
Mão de Obra
|
Pedreiro e ajudante (estimado 20 dias úteis)
|
1
|
250,00/dia
|
10.000,00
|
|
Materiais de Obra
|
Divisórias Drywall, Pintura Epóxi, Hidráulica/Elétrica
|
35m²
|
600,00/m²
|
21.000,00
|
|
Acabamentos
|
Piso Vinílico/Epóxi e Forro Lavável
|
35m²
|
300,00/m²
|
10.500,00
|
|
Bancadas
|
Granito ou Inox (Áreas de trabalho)
|
1
|
10.500,00
|
10.500,00
|
|
Climatização
|
Ar Condicionado 12.000 BTUs (Split)
|
2
|
2.800,00
|
5.600,00
|
|
Subtotal Infra
|
57.600,00
|
2. Equipamentos de Biologia Molecular (Mínimo Necessário)
|
Equipamento
|
Especificação / Modelo Sugerido
|
Estado
|
Total Estimado (R$)
|
|
qPCR (Real-Time)
|
StepOne ou similar (Essencial para microRNA)
|
Usado
|
20.000,00
|
|
Termociclador PCR
|
miniPCR ou OpenPCR (DIY)
|
Novo
|
3.800,00
|
|
Centrífuga Digital
|
12-24 tubos (até 14.000 RPM)
|
Usado
|
2.500,00
|
|
Autoclave 30L
|
Prismatec Analógica (Vertical)
|
Novo
|
2.200,00
|
|
Banho Maria
|
Digital Sorológico
|
Novo
|
2.100,00
|
|
Micropipetas
|
Conjunto Monocanal (P2, P20, P200, P1000)
|
Novo
|
1.200,00
|
|
Transiluminador
|
Luz Azul/UV (Detecção de bandas)
|
DIY/Novo
|
1.500,00
|
|
Agitador Vortex
|
Básico para laboratório
|
Novo
|
800,00
|
|
Refrigeração
|
Geladeira 280L (Amostras/Reagentes)
|
Usado
|
600,00
|
|
Informática
|
PC para análise de dados e Bioinformática
|
Novo
|
3.500,00
|
|
Subtotal Equip.
|
38.200,00
|
3. Reagentes Iniciais e Startup (Lote de 50 Exames)
|
Item
|
Finalidade
|
Total Estimado (R$)
|
|
Enzimas Cas12a
|
Complexo CRISPR para detecção genética
|
1.500,00
|
|
Kit Extração microRNA
|
Isolamento de RNA de alta pureza
|
3.500,00
|
|
Master Mix qPCR
|
Reagentes para amplificação em tempo real
|
2.500,00
|
|
Kit Síntese cDNA
|
Transcrição reversa de microRNA
|
2.000,00
|
|
Consumíveis
|
Ponteiras com filtro, microtubos, luvas, EPIs
|
2.500,00
|
|
Subtotal Reag.
|
12.000,00
|
Resumo do Investimento Inicial
7. Referências Científicas Integradas
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2. Fu, W., O’Connor, T. D., & Akey, J. M. (2013). Genetic architecture of quantitative traits and complex diseases. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 23(6), 678-683.
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41. Fan, S., Hansen, M. E., Lo, Y., & Tishkoff, S. A. (2016). Going global by adapting local: A review of recent human adaptation. Science, 354(6308), 54-59.
42. Karlsson, E. K., Kwiatkowski, D. P., & Sabeti, P. C. (2014). Natural selection and infectious disease in human populations. Nature Reviews Genetics, 15(6), 379-393.
43. Key, F. M., Fu, Q., Slatkin, M., & Pääbo, S. (2016). Advantageous variants in the human genome that derived from Neandertals. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 41, 35-40.
44. Sankararaman, S., Mallick, S., Dannemann, M., Prüfer, K., Kelso, J., Pääbo, S., ... & Reich, D. (2014). The genomic landscape of Neanderthal ancestry in contemporary humans. Nature, 507(7492), 354-357.
45. Vernot, B., & Akey, J. M. (2014). Resurrecting surviving Neandertal lineages from modern human genomes. Science, 343(6174), 1017-1021.
46. Hu, H., Huff, C. D., Rogers, A., & Jorde, L. B. (2013). Estimating the age of rare variants in the human genome. PLoS One, 8(11), e80187.
47. Albrechtsen, A., Moltke, I., & Nielsen, R. (2010). Natural selection and the distribution of deleterious mutations in populations with explosive growth. Genetics, 186(4), 1353-1363.
48. Zhu, Q., & Bustamante, C. D. (2015). A survey of human genetic variation and its impact on disease. Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics, 16, 125-146.
49. Gravel, S. (2016). When is selection effective? Genetics, 203(1), 451-462.
50. Brandler, W. M., & Lapuente, G. (2016). The role of rare variants in complex diseases. Nature Reviews Genetics, 17, 345-358.
51. Zuk, O., Hechter, E., Sunyaev, S. R., & Lander, E. S. (2012). The mystery of missing heritability: Genetic interactions create phantom heritability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(4), 1193-1198.
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53. Manolio, T. A., Collins, F. S., Cox, N. J., Goldstein, D. B., Hindorff, L. A., Hunter, D. J., ... & Visscher, P. M. (2009). Finding the missing heritability of complex diseases. Nature, 461(7265), 747-753.
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55. Kim, Y., & Galtier, N. (2014). Selective sweeps and the age of rare variants. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 31(11), 2901-2910.
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58. Voight, B. F., Kudaravalli, S., Wen, X., & Pritchard, J. K. (2006). A map of recent positive selection in the human genome. PLoS Biology, 4(3), e72.
59. Wang, E. T., Kodama, G., Baldi, P., & Moyzis, R. K. (2006). Global landscape of recent inferred selection in the human genome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(1), 135-140.
60. Sabeti, P. C., Varilly, P., Fry, B., Lohmueller, J., Hostetter, E., Cotsapas, C., ... & International HapMap Consortium. (2007). Genome-wide detection and characterization of positive selection in human populations. Nature, 449(7164), 913-918.
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62. Novembre, J., & Di Rienzo, A. (2009). Spatial patterns of variation due to natural selection in humans. Nature Reviews Genetics, 10(11), 745-755.
63. Pritchard, J. K., Pickrell, J. K., & Coop, G. (2010). The genetics of human adaptation: hard sweeps, soft sweeps, and polygenic adaptation. Current Biology, 20(4), R208-R215.
64. Hernandez, R. D., Kelley, J. L., Elyashiv, E., Dutton, R. J., Guy, W. T., Reeve, J. P., ... & Coop, G. (2011). Classic selective sweeps were rare in recent human evolution. Science, 331(6019), 920-924.
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